Assessing the Multi-Faceted Reforms of Mexico's 4T
AMLO's 4T reforms in Mexico span energy independence, labor rights, and robust social programs. Despite legal hurdles, state-backed enterprises strengthen, minimum wages rise, and millions benefit from innovative welfare initiatives. Public support remains strong.
Since assuming office, President Andrés Manuel López Obrador (AMLO) has been resolute in his pursuit of a “true change” for Mexico. The Fourth Transformation (4T) has witnessed significant reforms across various sectors, particularly in energy, social policies, and labor legislation. In this article, we will delve into the impactful reforms that have characterized AMLO's presidency, analyzing their outcomes and the challenges faced.
Energy Reforms:
While the much-anticipated constitutional reform on electricity faced hurdles, the approval of the Hydrocarbons Law and the Electricity Industry Law in 2021 marked a turning point in Mexico's energy landscape. These laws aimed to bring order to the electricity market and ensure a stable energy supply. Notably, they strengthened state-owned enterprises such as Petróleos Mexicanos (PEMEX) and Comisión Federal de Electricidad (CFE), reversing a trend of decline over the past three decades.